Sulphur/Carbon Cathodes for Lithium-Sulphur Batteries

Primárne karty

ISBN: 978-80-972360-6-9

Sulphur/Carbon Cathodes for Lithium-Sulphur Batteries

Dominika Capková1 , Tomáš Kazda2 , Andrea Straková Fedorková ,
1 Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 04154, Košice, Slovak Republic
2 Department of Electrical and Electronic Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 10, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
dcapkova@gmail.com

Importance of efficient and compact battery systems is driving the progress in electrification in the automotive industry. The promising candidate for next generation energy storage devices are lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Li-S battery has high theoretical energy density (~ 2500 Wh kg-1) and capacity (1675 mAh g-1). Despite high theoretical capacity, as well as the natural abundance and environmental compatibility of sulphur, the commercialization is hindered by several challenges. The main barriers are insulating characteristics of elementary sulphur, large volumetric expansion, the polysulphide shuttle phenomenon, growing of lithium dendrites and high reactivity of lithium. Lower (Li2S, Li2S2) and higher (Li2S4, Li2S6, Li2S8) polysulphides are produced during cycling, while the higher polysulfides are soluble in the organic electrolyte and migrate freely between electrodes. This process in known as polysulphide shuttle [1, 2]. 

The solution for these issues is incorporation of sulphur into conductive porous matrix, such as carbon Super P or Ketjenblack, to increase electrical conductivity of cathode material, sulphur utilization and inhibit polysulphide shuttle [3].

Poďakovanie: 

This research was sponsored by the NATO Science for Peace and Security Programme under grant 985148, the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Slovak Republic under grant VEGA 1/0074/17 and research project VVGS 2019-1048.

Zdroje: 
  1. [1] N. Kang, Y. Lin, L. Yang et al., Nat Commun, 2019, 10, 4597.
    [2] T. Kazda, M. Krbal and M. Pouzar, Journal of Power Sources, 2016, 331, 293-298.
    [3] A. Straková Fedorková, T. Kazda and K. Gavalierová, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2018, 13, 551-562.