Teeth are highly differentiated organs that are composed of multiple parts such as enamel, dentin, cementum, pulp, and periodontal tissues. Teeth and the surrounding dental tissues are a natural source of stem cells, which are collectively called dental stem cells (DSCs). The potential for clinical use of these cells lies primarily in their excellent proliferative and differentiation properties, thanks to which DSCs can be used as a therapeutic source. Another advantage of DSCs is their non-invasive and affordable acquisition. It is precisely for this use that dental stem cells derived from dental pulp, either from adult teeth (DPSCs) or from deciduous teeth (SHEDs), are very promising. In our research, we focus primarily on the osteodifferentiation potential of dental stem cells, which in the future can be applied in the treatment of damaged bones after diseases and injuries, as current methods are not sufficient in many cases. We compared these two cell types in terms of their ability to osteodifferentiate and build extracellular matrix forming a network-like structure representing bone tissue. The aim of the presented work was to compare the osteodifferentiation potential of dental stem cells, isolated from the adult patient´s dental pulp and young patient´s dental pulp. We differentiated the cells in a commercially available osteodifferentiation medium. At the same time, we compared the ability of DPSCS and SHEDS to differentiate into osteoblasts/osteocytes or odontoblasts/odontocytes in 2D conditions. We monitored the morphological changes of the cells during osteodifferentiation using light microscopy and stained the cells with Alizarin Red, which is an indicator of calcium compounds produced by osteodifferentiated cells. We analyzed and quantified the presence of mineral deposits of extracellular matrix. However, we monitored specific proteins by fluorescence microscopy. We found out, that Collagen 1 represent a major protein of bone extracellular matrix produces in vitro, which imitates the physiological bone tissue.
This work was supported by GUK 260/2023 and VEGA 1/0310/21.
Congratulations to your
Congratulations to your results: amazing and very promising! Thus, my following question is logically how do you see next steps within your research on the way to its translation from basic research into the treatment of bone defects and targeted bone regeneration? What is your estimate, when this will be the reality in public medical care? Are there (Slovakia, EU, Worldwide) any other research groups dealing with such problematics as well? Do you have any collaborators or partnership of such kind? Thank you in advance for your reply. Best regards, ZB
Thank you for your
Thank you for your interesting questions.
Our next step is moving to a 3D cell system, where we will study and test the best optimized conditions for osteodifferentiation process of our primary cell lines - propriate biomaterials as scaffolds in combination of growth factors. We have a collaboration with one start-up company in Germany. They are focused on developing of special plates, wchich could be used for testing various conditions for cell differentiation. So, we will use them for our pacien´t cell lines in 3D conditions. Since the regeneration of some tissue, such as cartilage are used in clinical practice even today, I think that in 5 years it could be a reality in bone regeneration too. There are several research groups, which study alike problematics for example in University of Aberdeen in Scotland, University of Basel in Switzerland, Rutgers University in New Yersey and also in Czech Academy of Sciences in Prague. We colaborate with Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery University Hospital in Martin, which provides us pacient´s samples. We have also very fruitfull collaboration with Funglass in Trenčín, who are generating various innovative and original scaffolds, which we are testing for biocompatibility.
Thank you for your complex
Thank you for your complex reply. Wish you all the best in your further research acitivities. Cordially, ZB
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